s:503:"TI Towards sustainable palm oil: Social footprinting of informal and formal market value chains AU Ihalainen, M. AU Gallagher, E.J. AU Schoneveld, G. AB Ghana is a major producer and consumer of palm oil, yet it is unable to meet domestic demand. Notwithstanding the emergence of large-scale plantations and industrial millers, smallholder farms account for approximately 80% of the land under oil palm cultivation, and 76% of crude palm oil (CPO) is processed by small-scale artisanal mills. ";