s:492:"%T Introduction to Chapter 8 %A Colfer, C.J.P. %A Prabhu, R. %X In the previous chapter, on Zimbabwe, we focused on communities with tentacles tentatively reaching up in scale to the national level. We saw the impacts of broader scale chaos on our local level action. In Malawi, we start at the national level and make use of the Participatory Forest Management (PFM) program, with its rich repertoire of repeat assessments of its own implementation throughout the country over time. ";