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OccPaper Top Page] [Chapter 1]
Background
[Chapter 2]
Local management of miombo resources: an introduction
[Chapter 3]
Institutional change, tenure, and access to woodland resources
[Chapter 4]
Economics of the household, and woodland use and management
[Chapter 5]
Woodland management for the market
[Chapter 6]
Longer term social, economic and environmental changes
[Chapter 7]
Policy, legislation and macroeconomic impacts on woodlands
[Chapter 8]
Woodland research options and opportunities: a summary
[References] |
Woodland benefit |
Annual value of woodland benefits
(1991 Z$ per household) |
| |
|
| Wild fruit (a) |
230 to 360 |
| Other wild foods (b) |
63 |
| Fuelwood (c) |
183 |
| Construction wood (d) |
114 |
| Leaf litter (e) |
134 |
| Livestock browse and fodder (f) |
100 to 160 |
| Wooden utensils and implements (g) |
16 |
| Materials for craftwork (h) |
7 to 18 |
Source: Campbell et al., (1991)
Notes: Values reflect benefits derived from specific woodland types and agroclimatic
zones. Mangwende is in higher potential Natural Region (NR) IIa. Mazvihwa is in semi-arid
NR IV. The Mutanda Resettlement Area, in the Save Catchment, is in NR III/IV. Binga is in
NR IV. Prices are reported market prices (or replacement values), and do not reflect the
value of benefits at their point of woodland origin.
a) Based on values for Strychnos cocculoides. Assumes that all production (34 fruit per
tree) from 38 trees per ha (typical of Save woodlands) are sold in markets for 5 cents per
fruit. Households use fruit from 3.5 to 5.6 ha of woodlands.
b) Based on frequency and value of consumption of mushrooms, insects, wild vegetables, and
honey reported in Mangwende.
c) Based on 6.5 tons per households, reported for Mutanda, and rural cost for fuelwood of
Z$ 28 per ton.
d) Based on 2 tons per household, reported for Mutanda, and rural cost for construction
timber of Z$ 57 per ton.
e) Based on Compound D replacement costs for 3 tons of leaf litter per household at 1.35%
N by dry-weight. 40 percent of households use leaf litter. Compound D valued at Z$ 0.60
per kg.
f) Derived from data for Mazvihwa, and assuming that the amount of livestock which
grasslands can support is 25 percent lower than an area with scattered trees.
g) Based on data for Mangwende, for implements and utensils made of local wood, owned per
household, and data about durability and price.
h) Assuming 14 percent of households sell crafts, and that average earnings per household
range from Z$ 53 in Mangwende to Z$ 130 in Binga.
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Rank(a) |
Product |
Annual value of woodland benefits
(1991 Z$ per ha of woodlands) |
Share (Percent)
|
| |
|
|
|
1 |
Fruit |
65 |
34
|
2 |
Fuelwood |
42 (32-51) |
22
|
3 |
Improved crop production through leaf litter |
32 (24-39) |
17
|
4 |
Construction wood |
27 (20-33) |
14
|
5 |
Wild foods |
15 (11-18) |
8
|
6 |
Improved livestock production through better grazing |
5 |
3
|
7 |
Wooden implements |
4 (3-5) |
2
|
8 |
Wooden crafts |
3 (1-5) |
2
|
| |
Total value |
191 (161-221) |
100
|
Notes: (a) The rank refers to the mid-interval value, as does the relative share
column.
Source: Bojö (1992).
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