The conceptualization and implementation of activities under SWAMP were drawn from the expertise of CIFOR, USDA Forest Service (USFS), and their respective partners ( e.g. Michigan Tech University). USFS contributes scientific expertise and practical knowledge of land management, and the agency’s Office of International Programs maintains ongoing engagement and coordination with US Agency for International Development (USAID) Missions and US Embassies in countries where SWAMP activities occur. USFS and CIFOR work closely with both USAID and US Department of State, and seek to link other related bilateral and regional efforts to SWAMP wherever possible. This partnership reinforces the long-term impact of SWAMP and establishes linkages to ongoing development assistance and policy initiatives supported by the US Government.