Rate and Causes of Deforestation in Indonesia:
Towards a Resolution of the Ambiguities

William D. Sunderlin and Ida Aju Pradnja Resosudarmo
Table 2: Estimates of annual deforestation in Indonesia (thousands of ha)
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[Chapter 1]
Introduction

[Chapter 2]
The problem of imprecise and conflicting definitions

[Chapter 3]
Smallholders

[Chapter 4]
Logging and the timber industry

[Chapter 5]
Estates and plantations

[Chapter 6]
Guidelines for the determination of rates and causes

[Chapter 7]
Summary and conclusion

[Chapter 8]
Acknowledgements

[References]

Tables

[Table 1]
Change over time in views on causes of deforestation in Indonesia

[Table 2]
Estimates of annual deforestation in Indonesia (thousands of ha)

[Table 3]
Population density and forest cover by Province in Indonesia (1982) (ranked in ascending order of population density)

SOURCE OF ESTIMATE

AGENT

Transmig. Dev't Estate Crops Swamp Dev't Spontan Transmig. Trad'l Ag. Forest Harvest Fires TOTAL
World Bank 1990

250

500

80

70

900

FAO 1990

300

274

85

461

80

113

1,315

TAG 1991 (a)

65

11.4

30.4

156.5

NE

NE

262.9

MOF 1992 (b)

300

160

 

300

77

478

1,315

Dick 1991

78.4

11.4

30.4

178.5

135.5

120

70

623

Sukarjo 1996 (c)

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

809

Hasanuddin 1996

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

NE

2,400

The top five rows of this table (World Bank 1990 through MOF 1992) are adapted from World Bank (1994: 52). The original was modified to reflect the fact that most sources did not separate the categories "spontaneous transmigration" and "traditional agriculture". The World Bank (1994: 52) table falsely gives the impression this distinction was made. Dick (1991) makes a significant contribution by recognising the distinction. 'NE' signifies 'no estimate.'

(a) TAG 1991.

(b) MOF 1992.

(c) Reported in the Jakarta Post, May 29, 1996.