This document discusses biodiversity in agroforestry habitats and its relationship to ecosystem functions. It summarizes that trees provide various habitats for soil biota through microclimate buffering and substrates. Trees interact with soil and influence ecosystem services like nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and plant health. Agroforestry systems maintain higher densities and diversity of soil biota than agricultural systems alone. The document then outlines a land health surveillance framework used in Africa to monitor aboveground and belowground biodiversity in landscapes. The framework involves establishing sentinel sites to systematically sample and characterize soils, plants, and soil biota over time using various techniques to develop predictive models of ecosystem service provision in different land uses.
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