Cocoa and coffee are important components of many tropical landscapes, at the start of value chains that reach the vast majority of global citizens through a variety of beverages and consumables. Yet, the specific history and current modes of production differ between the three main tropical continents and need to be understood in their historical, ecological, social and economic context.
Publication year
2021
Authors
van Noordwijk, M.; Martini, E.; Gusli, S.; Roshetko, J.M.; Leimona, B.; Nguyen, M.P.
Language
English
Keywords
cocoa, coffee, agroforestry, livelihoods, economic development
