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CIFOR–ICRAF publishes over 750 publications every year on agroforestry, forests and climate change, landscape restoration, rights, forest policy and much more – in multiple languages.

CIFOR–ICRAF addresses local challenges and opportunities while providing solutions to global problems for forests, landscapes, people and the planet.

We deliver actionable evidence and solutions to transform how land is used and how food is produced: conserving and restoring ecosystems, responding to the global climate, malnutrition, biodiversity and desertification crises. In short, improving people’s lives.

Rubber technology guidelines: Introduction to improved rubber agroforestry system

Improved rubber agroforestry system (RAS 1) is similar to traditional rubber agroforestry but uses high-yielding clonal rubber instead of seedlings. Compared to monocultural systems, RAS 1 requires less resources, such as labour and agro-chemicals, and also provides better conservation and hydrological functions.

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