Wild foods from forests: Quantities collected across Zambia

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  +"title": "Wild foods from forests: Quantities collected across Zambia"
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  +"authors": array:8 [
    0 => "Steel, E.A."
    1 => "Bwembelo, L."
    2 => "Mulani, A."
    3 => "Masheke Siamutondo, A.L."
    4 => "Banda, P."
    5 => "Gumbo, D."
    6 => "Moombe, K."
    7 => "Ickowitz, A."
  ]
  +"description": "Forests provide an immense range of benefits to people, many of which are not prioritized by forest policy because they are difficult to quantify. Wild foods from forests enhance the quality of diets for those who consume them and provide income for those who sell or trade them. The quantity of wild food collected is challenging to measure because of non-standard units, seasonal differences in collection patterns and large numbers of species. To provide initial estimates of collection volume in Zambia and pilot new methods, we surveyed 209 households across 14 villages randomly selected within 5 study areas covering all four agro-ecological areas between 6 August and 27 October, 2019. For each study area, we conducted a focus group to identify the most commonly collected species within each of nine food product types (mushrooms, insects, green leafy vegetables, tubers, fruits, nuts, wild meat, wild fish, and aquatic plants). All but one surveyed household collected some wild foods; on average, each household collected five types of food product, most commonly mushrooms, fruits and green leafy vegetables. Volume collected varied markedly by household, product type and study area. Rural households in Zambia are estimated to collect over 380 million litres, 380,000 m3, of wild foods annually. We estimate that 88% of these wild foods are collected directly from forests. Accounting for uncertainties, we estimate the volume of wild foods collected from forests to be at least 238,000 m3 per year, 125% of the volume of sawnwood produced, or about 12 million large (20 L) collecting buckets. Volume collected was not strongly correlated with metrics of wealth, indicating ubiquitous consumption of wild foods; however, the most food insecure collected particularly high volumes of wild food. Pilot market surveys found local value chains for wild foods, indicating a potential for economic contribution. Our results underscore the value of data that can be disaggregated locally and indicate that national estimates of quantities of wild food collected from forests would be highly useful for designing forest policy and management strategies."
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  +"published_date": "2022-08-01T00:00:00Z"
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    0 => "wild foods"
    1 => "forests"
    2 => "household surveys"
    3 => "rural community"
    4 => "economic development"
    5 => "food resources"
    6 => "nontimber forest products"
    7 => "nutrition"
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        0 => "Gebauer, J."
        1 => "Assem, A."
        2 => "Busch, E."
        3 => "Hardtmann, S."
        4 => "Möckel, D."
        5 => "Krebs, F."
        6 => "Ziegler, T."
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        0 => "adansonia digitata"
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        2 => "vitamin"
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      +"dcTitle": "Der Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.): Wildobst aus Afrika für Deutschland und Europa?! [The Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.): Wild African Fruit for Germany and Europe?!]"
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        0 => "In Germany and Europe exotic fruits from distant places are becoming more and more important. In the tropics and subtropics an enormous variety of edible fruits exists. In 2008 the dry fruit pulp of the baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) was approved as novel food for the EU and thus entered the formal food market. Hence, an increasing number of products became available in Europe. The baobab is an impressive tree in the savannas of Africa. Due to its dense and wide spreading root system and its enormous water storing capacity in the stem, the tree can grow under very dry environmental conditions. In many regions of Africa it is a multipurpose indigenous fruit tree species which offers shelter and provides food, fodder and medicine as well as raw material for many purposes. However, even in Europe a wide range of products is now available as shown in the present study, which identified more than 300 baobab products or products with baobab as an ingredient. In Germany, not only the natural baobab pulp but also ready-made foodstuffs such as soft drinks, sandwich spreads, cereal bars, sweets and chocolates are available. Furthermore, a diverse range of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products with extracts from the baobab is available in the market. The products range from after shave and perfume to shampoo and shower gel to leg lotion and foot spray. In Germany baobab saplings and seeds are offered for planting and cultivation as an indoor pot plant. Commercially marketed baobab bonsai seedlings for the European market are produced in Senegal. In Africa the baobab fruits are mainly harvested from wild stands. However, the commercial production of baobab fruits in orchards could be an important future opportunity for income generation to many local households. More research on baobab, including the domestication of this wild fruit tree species, and the conservation of its natural stands as important genetic resource are prerequisites for sustainably increased fruit production."
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Année de publication

2022

Auteurs

Steel, E.A.; Bwembelo, L.; Mulani, A.; Masheke Siamutondo, A.L.; Banda, P.; Gumbo, D.; Moombe, K.; Ickowitz, A.

Langue

English

Mots clés

wild foods, forests, household surveys, rural community, economic development, food resources, nontimber forest products, nutrition

Géographique

Zambia